Most progressives insist that additional drilling is not the answer, or at the very least, it is not a short term answer, and the problem can only be tackled from the demand side. Conservatives counter that if we had been drilling in the 90s, we would have had the extra oil today.
I fail to understand why we cannot do both ~ why can we not drill AND conserve. It appears that market forces are already ensuring various conservation measures.
[U.S. Transportation Secretary Mary E. Peters] said that Americans drove 1.4 billion fewer highway miles in April 2008 than at the same time a year earlier and 400 million miles less than in March of this year. She added that vehicle miles traveled (VMT) on all public roads for April 2008 fell 1.8 percent as compared with April 2007 travel. This marks a decline of nearly 20 billion miles traveled this year, and nearly 30 billion miles traveled since November.This continued a trend from March 2008
Americans drove less in March 2008, continuing a trend that began last November, according to estimates released today from the Federal Highway Administration. ... The FHWA’s “Traffic Volume Trends” report, produced monthly since 1942, shows that estimated vehicle miles traveled (VMT) on all U.S. public roads for March 2008 fell 4.3 percent as compared with March 2007 travel. This is the first time estimated March travel on public roads fell since 1979. At 11 billion miles less in March 2008 than in the previous March, this is the sharpest yearly drop for any month in FHWA history.
The arguments generally offered against offshore oil drilling (and drilling in ANWR) are: (a) that it would be bad for the environment & (b) it would have no short term impact.
Both of these arguments are true. They are also silly !
Let us consider the environment argument first:
We all do very many things that are bad for the enviroment without batting too many eyelids. For instance, my air conditioner goes on when my house heats up above 81 C ~ and I grew up without any airconditioning in a part of the world where the temperatures routinely went above 100C, so I know I can live without air conditioning. I also drive to work when I could easily use a bicycle (on the days that I am not ferrying my daughters around, that is). I also like to eat mangoes that are grown halfway across the world, and shipped in with a significant fuel consumption ~ I would be very unhappy if I were deprived of those mangoes, but I would not die.
By offering an "it is bad for the environment" argument, we just look plain silly (or hypocritical). Instead, what we should argue (and what I think we really mean) is that the cost/benefits analysis of additional drilling (offshore or ANWR) is not beneficial. This argument would be reasonable (in that it is not silly/hypocritical), but it would need to be backed up with some numbers/analysis (we can expect to get so many barrels in so many years, etc... this increased supply would have this much effect...etc.) Unfortunately, most of us have no idea what those cost/benefits tradeoff really are: I know I don't, and I suspect noone else does either. Understanding the cost/benefits tradeoff requires an understanding of the expected supply side, and the supply side is extremely murky ~ noone knows how many barrels of oil we have remaining, and even if someone did, they are closely guarded secrets held by the major oil nations (it is very hard to get any information from the Saudis, for instance)
Given the uncertainty on the supply side, my vote would be to do all that we reasonably can to enhance the supply ~ even if that enhancement happens in 10 years as a result of actions taken today.
And that brings me to the 2nd point
Drilling today would not have any short term impact
This is true. But we are all for very many things that will not have any short term impact.
For instance, I have solar panels on my roof which covers about 3/4 of my total electricity consumption. I exploited various government programs (tax rebates and subsidies), and saved on the installation (by installing it myself) such that the system paid for itself in 6 years. However, from an energy consumption viewpoint, the system will not pay for itself unless it is used for 20 years ~ it takes a lot of energy to make a Si photovoltaic (and all the assorted hardware required for the system), and the annual energy production by my system is about 20 times less than the energy required to produce it (and in this analysis, I have ignored the decrease in output from the panels).
From an energy viewpoint, my photovoltaic panels will not be of any benefit unless it is used for > 20 years. It has no short term impact.
And yet, we are all for photovoltaic panels (or so I hope, anyways).
What is also missing from the current debate is an analysis on the geopolitical implications
Oil (and energy) will be an increasingly important strategic asset in the next 50 years. Countries that control oil (and energy) will dominate countries that do not. "Controlling" oil has several aspects to it: (a) control of the oil fields/wells (b) control of drilling technologies & infrastructure (c) control of the shipping lanes and infrastructure (d) control of the refinery technologies & (e) control of the refinery assets.
China, India, Russia, and Brazil understand this equation very well. China, for instance, is buying up drillng rights all over the world ~ sometimes they are outbid by the Indians, but the Chinese have very deep pockets. India, with very little oil of it's own, has invested in strategic refinery assets and refinery technologies (not very many countries know how to refine the undesirable forms of crude oil), and benefits from higher crude oil prices. Oil (and energy) assets in China, India, Russia and Brazil are substantially nationalized.
The US, unfortunately, does not understand this equation.
For the US, it will be increasingly apparent that federal control of the oil refineries, of oil field, and other energy assets is a strategic necessity.
That is what we should be debating.
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